The
goals for treatment of binge-eating disorder are to
reduce eating binges and, when necessary, to lose
weight. Because binge eating is so entwined with
shame, poor self-image, self-disgust and other
negative emotions, treatment also needs to address
associated psychological issues.
Research shows four types of
treatment in particular may be most effective. They are:
Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy, whether in
individual or group sessions, can help teach people how to exchange
unhealthy habits for healthy ones and reduce bingeing episodes. It
teaches you how to monitor your eating and your moods, develop
problem-solving skills and learn how to respond to stressful situations.
Psychotherapy can also help improve relationships and mood.
Studies show that a few
types of psychotherapy in particular may be effective. These are
cognitive behavior therapy, interpersonal therapy and dialectical
behavior therapy — an intensive type of therapy that focuses on learning
how to more evenly regulate emotions. For children with binge-eating
disorder, family therapy also may be beneficial.
Medications
There's no medication specifically approved by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) to treat binge-eating disorder. However, studies
show that several types of medications may be helpful, including the
group of antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs), certain appetite suppressants and certain
anti-seizure medications, such as topiramate (Topamax).
Behavioural Weight-Loss Programs
More so than
psychotherapy, weight-loss programs focus on losing excess body weight.
They're typically conducted under medical supervision to ensure that
nutritional requirements are met. Some programs are known as very low
calorie diet programs because they include an initial period of strict
calorie restriction for fast weight loss.
Weight-loss programs may
also address issues that tend to trigger binges, but often to a lesser
extent than psychotherapy does. However, weight-loss programs,
especially those that are not medically supervised, may not be
appropriate for everyone with binge-eating disorder. These programs
typically aren't recommended until the binge-eating disorder is treated.
Very low calorie diets can trigger more binge-eating episodes — only
serving to make the condition worse.
Self-Help
Strategies
Some people with binge-eating
disorder find self-help books, videos and support groups effective. Some
eating disorder programs offer self-help manuals that you can use on
your own or with guidance from mental health experts.
Some studies show that people
with binge-eating disorder may see an improvement in their symptoms simply
from the process of seeking help, even if they aren't given a specific
treatment.
For example, they may see a
reduction in their symptoms if they receive a placebo instead of an actual
medication. Those responses are what drive some experts to conclude that
binge-eating disorder shouldn't be classified as a separate and specific
mental illness.